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Overheating Assessments

Stay Cool & Compliant:
Expert Overheating Assessments

With UK temperatures rising, ensure your building stays cool and legally compliant. Our accredited Energy Consultants carry out CIBSE TM59, TM52, and Part O simplified assessments nationwide.

Nationwide Coverage
Part O Compliant (Approved Document)
Dynamic Thermal Modelling

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Understanding Thermal Compliance

What is an Overheating Assessment?

An overheating assessment is a crucial thermal model that helps ensure buildings stay cool, comfortable, and safe as UK summer temperatures continue to rise. With climate change making extended heatwaves more common, managing your building's internal climate without over-relying on carbon-heavy mechanical air conditioning is now a strict legal requirement under Approved Document O.

Modern, highly insulated and airtight buildings are fantastic for saving energy in winter (Part L), but they easily trap heat in the summer. Whether you are constructing a high-rise flat in London, an office space in Manchester, or a residential block in Birmingham, our team uses TM52 (commercial) and TM59 (residential) methodologies to examine how your building handles thermal gain based on materials, layout, and cross-ventilation.

  • Protects occupant health, wellbeing, and sleep quality.
  • Avoids the costly retrofit of mechanical cooling systems post-construction.
  • Guarantees compliance with Part O of the UK Building Regulations.
Ensure Your Design is Part O Compliant →
Sunlight Modulated
TM59 Compliant
Cross Flow Active
Core Elements Assessed

Key Factors Considered in an Overheating Assessment

Our dynamic thermal modelling software analyzes several crucial architectural choices to predict how your building will react to intense summer heat.

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Building Orientation & Design

The direction your building faces makes a massive difference. A home in Manchester with large south-facing or west-facing windows will absorb significantly more solar radiation during peak hours compared to a north-facing elevation.

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Purge Ventilation

Good airflow is essential for passive cooling. Whether it’s openable windows or mechanical systems, buildings in dense cities like Birmingham need proper purge ventilation to stop heat from building up in airtight designs.

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Glazing & Window Placement

Too much glass turns a room into a greenhouse. In high-density areas like London where sun exposure is prolonged, glazing ratios (G-values) and external shading devices (brise soleil, shutters) are critical to passing the assessment.

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Thermal Mass

Dense building materials (like exposed concrete or brick) absorb heat during the day and release it at night. In places like Liverpool, utilizing the correct thermal mass strategy helps stabilize indoor temperatures during volatile heat spells.

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Occupancy & Behaviour

How often people use a space, the equipment they run, and how many people are present contribute heavily to internal heat gains. A busy office will naturally warm up faster than a residential bedroom, altering the required mitigation strategies.

Tailored Solutions

Two Overheating Assessment Services to Suit Your Project

We know that overheating risks vary wildly depending on location and design. We offer two distinct assessment pathways to ensure your building stays cool, energy-efficient, and fully compliant.

SERVICE 01

The Simplified Method

Our Simplified Method follows the prescriptive guidance laid out directly in Approved Document O. It is ideal for straightforward buildings like small residential homes, low-rise flats, or simple offices in lower-risk locations like rural areas or suburban Birmingham.

  • Quick Risk Assessment: We perform mathematical checks based strictly on your total window area, geographical orientation, and the presence of cross-ventilation.
  • Ideal for Simple Designs: Best suited if your design is relatively traditional and doesn’t feature massive expanses of unshaded curtain-wall glazing.
  • Cost-Effective Compliance: It’s quick, highly affordable, and completely avoids the need to build a complex, time-consuming 3D thermal model.
  • Early Detection: We flag any obvious compliance risks early so you can reduce window sizes or increase openable areas before planning submission.
The Outcome

You receive a Part O Compliance Report confirming your design passes the prescriptive simplified method, ready for Building Control.

SERVICE 02

Dynamic Thermal Modelling

For complex designs, buildings with large amounts of glazing, heavily insulated structures, or sites located in 'High Risk' warmer areas like central London or central Manchester, Dynamic Thermal Modelling is legally required to prove compliance.

  • Full Thermal Check: We build a complete 3D geometric model of your building and simulate how it behaves with heat, sunlight, and airflow across every hour of a standardized summer year.
  • TM59 & TM52 Rules: We utilize industry-leading software to follow the highly strict CIBSE TM59 (residential) and TM52 (commercial) rules to give highly accurate, trusted results.
  • Improves Building Design: You’ll gain deep insight into exactly which rooms are failing. We test multiple mitigation strategies virtually before you buy materials.
  • Informed Recommendations: We’ll recommend what to tweak—such as adding specific low-g value glass, introducing deep overhangs, or increasing purge ventilation areas.
The Outcome

You receive a comprehensive Dynamic Modelling Report (TM59/TM52) that proves compliance even for complex, high-risk architectural designs.

Comprehensive Guide

The Conflict Between Energy Efficiency and Overheating

In recent years, the UK construction industry has faced a unique paradox. As Building Regulations (specifically Part L) demand increasingly higher levels of insulation and extreme air tightness to reduce winter heating bills, we have inadvertently created buildings that trap heat during the summer. This has led to the introduction of Approved Document O (Part O).

  • ⚖️
    Part O is Mandatory: As of June 2022, mitigating the risk of overheating is a legal requirement for all new residential buildings, care homes, and student accommodations in England.
  • 🏙️
    Location Risk Factors: Central London and parts of central Manchester are classified as 'High Risk' areas under Part O. In these locations, the Simplified Method is almost always insufficient, making Dynamic Thermal Modelling mandatory.
  • ❄️
    Mechanical Cooling is a Last Resort: Building Control strongly discourages relying on air conditioning to pass TM59. Passive measures (shading, ventilation) must be exhausted first.

Understanding CIBSE TM59 for Residential Buildings

If you are developing homes, flats, or care facilities, the assessment will be conducted using the CIBSE TM59 methodology. This standard looks at two main criteria to define overheating:

1. The living spaces (living rooms, kitchens, bedrooms) must not exceed a certain temperature threshold for more than 3% of the occupied hours during the summer period (May to September).

2. Bedrooms have an additional, much stricter rule: The temperature must not exceed 26°C for more than 1% of the sleeping hours (10 PM to 7 AM). This ensures that occupants can achieve healthy, restful sleep during heatwaves.

How Do We Mitigate Overheating Risks?

If your initial design fails the dynamic model, our accredited energy consultants will work with your architects to implement passive design strategies. Common and highly effective mitigations include:

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External Shading (Brise Soleil)

Blocking the sun before it hits the glass is the most effective strategy. We model the addition of deep roof overhangs, external shutters, or louvres to reduce direct solar gain.

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Low-G Value Glazing

We can recommend altering the glass specification. Low-g value glass (solar control glass) allows visible light to enter the room while reflecting the infrared heat radiation back outside.

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Enhanced Purge Ventilation

Increasing the size of openable windows or altering how far they can open allows for greater cross-ventilation, rapidly cooling the thermal mass of the building during the evening.

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Internal Blinds (With Caution)

While internal blinds offer some relief, they are generally considered less effective than external measures, as the heat has already penetrated the building envelope. We model them carefully based on exact fabric properties.

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Commercial Overheating: CIBSE TM52

If your project is a non-domestic building (like an office, school, or retail space in Leeds or Sheffield), the assessment falls under CIBSE TM52. This standard relies on the concept of 'Adaptive Thermal Comfort', recognizing that people in offices tolerate different temperatures than people trying to sleep in a home.

When is an Overheating Assessment Required?

If you’re building something new or making major material changes to an existing property, especially in high-density urban areas like Manchester or London, you will likely trigger a Part O assessment requirement from Building Control.

This is particularly critical for developments with single-aspect flats (apartments with windows only on one side, preventing cross-ventilation), buildings located near noisy roads (where occupants cannot open windows to cool down due to acoustics), and properties featuring large architectural glazing.

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Why Choose ARMEEC?

We handle complex thermal modeling for developers across the entire UK.

Accredited TM59 Modellers
Part O Specialists
Fast & Accurate Turnaround
Practical Design Solutions
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Common Questions

Frequently Asked Queries About Part O

Everything you need to know about securing overheating compliance for your new build.

When exactly do I need to commission an Overheating Assessment?
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You should commission your TM59 or Part O assessment during the early design stage, preferably alongside your SAP calculations. Identifying an overheating risk early allows you to modify window sizes or add external shading relatively cheaply, rather than trying to retrofit expensive mechanical cooling later.
What happens if my building is in a noisy area?
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If your building is adjacent to a busy road or railway, occupants cannot reasonably open their windows to cool down at night due to the noise (acoustics conflicting with purge ventilation). In these scenarios, the Simplified Method cannot be used, and Dynamic Thermal Modelling (TM59) is mandatory to assess alternative cooling strategies.
What is the difference between TM59 and TM52?
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CIBSE TM59 is the standardized methodology used for assessing overheating risk in residential buildings (homes, apartments, care homes). CIBSE TM52 is the methodology used for non-domestic commercial buildings (offices, schools, retail spaces).
Can I just install air conditioning if the model fails?
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Building Control and Part O explicitly state that passive cooling measures (like external shading, low-g glazing, and natural ventilation) must be proven to be insufficient or impractical before active mechanical cooling (air conditioning) is permitted, as AC units significantly increase the building's carbon emissions.